Resources

Research

Academic publications, technical reports, and related work underpinning the Open Agent Specification.

OASFROSTWASMDID Core
IEEE Preprint2026

Open Agent Specification: A W3C DID-Based Identity Framework for Autonomous Agents

L1fe Labs Research

Presents the OAS identity framework including the did:oas method, eleven entity kinds, cryptographic lineage model, three conformance levels, and FROST threshold signatures.

Technical Report2026

FROST Threshold Signatures in Multi-Human Root Identities

L1fe Labs Security Team

Details the integration of FROST signatures for MHR entities. Covers coordinator-less DKG, round performance benchmarks, and security properties under Byzantine fault conditions.

Technical Report2025

Cross-Language Cryptographic Parity via Rust WASM

L1fe Labs Engineering

Describes the architecture for achieving identical cryptographic outputs across seven SDK languages by compiling a single Rust core to WebAssembly.

W3C Recommendation2022

Decentralized Identifiers (DIDs) v1.0

Sporny, M., Longley, D., Sabadello, M., Reed, D., et al.

The W3C standard that OAS builds upon. Defines the DID URI syntax, DID document data model, DID resolution protocol, and the relationship between DIDs and Verifiable Credentials.

Citing OAS

L1fe Labs. “Open Agent Specification: A W3C DID-Based Identity Framework for Autonomous Agents.”
IEEE Preprint, 2026. Available: https://openagent.id/whitepaper